Here is the explanation (explanation) of the hadith about intentions. May Allah make the writing of this treaty sincere because of Him and useful, Allahumma amen.
عن عمر أن رسول الله صلى اللهم عليه وسلم قال إنما الأعمال بالنية ولكل امرئ ما نوى فمن كانت هجرته إلى الله ورسوله فهجرته إلى الله ورسوله ومن كانت هجرته لدنيا يصيبها أو امرأة يتزوجها فهجرته إلى ما هاجر إليه
From Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhu, that the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam said, "Charity depends on his intention, and someone only gets according to his intention. Whoever migrates to Allah and His Messenger, then hijrah to Allah and His Messenger, and whoever migrates because of the world or because of the woman he wants to marry, then the migration is according to where he migrated. "(Narrated by Bukhari, Muslim and four priests of the Hadith Expert)
Syarh / explanation:
Imam Bukhari mentions this hadith at the beginning of the book of Saheeh as the preamble of his book, there is implied that every charity that is not intended because of expecting the Face of Allah is in vain, there is no result at all both in the world and in the hereafter. Al Mundzir said from Ar Rabi 'bin Khutsaim, he said, "Everything that is not intended to seek the pleasure of Allah" Almighty Allah, it will be in vain ".
Abu Abdillah rahimahullah said, "There are no more hadiths from the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam, rich and deep in fact than this hadith ".
Abdurrahman bin Mahdiy said, "If I compose a book consisting of several chapters, of course I would make the hadith of Umar bin Al Khatthab which explains that charity depends on the intention in each chapter".
The majority of salaf scholars argue that this hadith is a third of Islam. Why is that?
According to Imam Baihaqi, because a servant's actions occur with his heart, oral and limb, and intentions that are in his heart are one of the three things and the most important thing. According to Imam Ahmad, because the science stands on three rules, where all problems return to him, namely:
First, the hadith "Innamal a’maalu bin niyyah" (Indeed charity depends on intention).
Second, the hadith "Man‘ amila ‘practice laisa‘ alaihi amrunaa fahuwa radd "(Whoever does a charity that we do not command, then charity is rejected).
Third, the hadith "Al Halaalu bayyin wal haraamu bayyin" (The halal is clear and the unclean is clear). "
In addition, intention is a benchmark of practice; whether it is accepted or not depends on the intention and the amount of reward obtained or in the least depends on the intention. Intention is a matter of the heart whose affairs are very important, a person can rise to the degree of siddiqin and can fall to the lowest degree due to his intention.
Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam made a parable of this rule with hijrah; that is, whoever emigrates from the land of shirk expects the reward of Allah, wants to meet the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam to draw the knowledge of Shari'ah in order to practice it, then it means he is on the path of Allah (fa hijratuhuu ilallah wa rasuulih), and Allah will give reply for him. Conversely, whoever emigrates with the intention to gain worldly benefits, then he does not get any reward, even if in the direction of immorality, he will get sin.
Intention in terms is the desire of someone to work on something, the place in the heart is not in oral. Therefore, it is not justified to recite intentions, such as when praying, going to ablution, going to take a bath, etc.
According to the fuqaha '(expert of fiqh), intention has two meanings:
Tamyiiz (differentiator), there are two types:
The difference between one worship and another. For example between Fardhu prayer with circumcision prayer, midnight prayer with Asr prayer, fasting is obligatory with sunnah fasting, etc.
Distinguishing between habits and worship. For example bathing because you want to cool your body with a shower because of friendship, refrain from eating for healing by restraining yourself because of fasting.
Qasd (meaning a charity "because of what?" Or "because of who?")
The point is whether a charity is intended for the face of Allah Ta'ala alone (sincerity) or because of others? Or does he do it because of God, and because of others or not?
Law of intention
Intention is a legitimate condition of charity. Ibn Hajar Al ‘Asqalaaniy said," The jurists (fiqh experts) are at loggerheads whether the
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